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| 1858 |
| | | US entrepreneur Cyrus W. Field succeeds in laying a telegraph cable across the Atlantic, but it fails after only a month | |
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| 1859 |
| | | Joseph Bazalgette is given the task of providing London with a desperately needed new system of sewers | |
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| c. 1860 |
| | | German chemist Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and technician Peter Desdega perfect the non-luminous gas burner for use in the laboratory | |
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| 1863 |
| | | It is discovered in the US that wood pulp can be used to make paper, and the Boston Weekly Journal is the first to use the new substance | |
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| 1863 |
| | | The Metropolitan Railway, the world's first to go underground, opens in London using steam trains between Paddington and Farringdon Street | |
|  | Baker Street station on the new underground
London's Transport Museum
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| 1867 |
| | | The invention of barbed wire is patented in the USA by Lucien Smith, designed to fence in cattle but also a protection for the wheat fields of the midwest plains | |
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| 1867 |
| | | Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel patents dynamite, making the volatile explosive nitroglycerine safer by combining it with kieselguhr | |
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| 1869 |
| | | The Union Pacific and the Central Pacific railroads meet at Promontory Summit in Utah, completing the first transcontinental line | |
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| 1869 |
| | | Thousands of distinguished guests assemble at Port Said for the opening of the Suez Canal | |
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| 1869 |
| | | The most famous of the three-masted tea-clippers, the Cutty Sark is launched at Dumbarton for service to and from China | |
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